When Reconstruction Is Not Enough: Doubly Robust Counterfactual and Interventional Mediation Analysis with Learned Multimodal Representations
arXiv:2610.30220v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learned representations of high-dimensional multimodal health records are increasingly used to adjust for confounding, yet they are usually trained to reconstruct the data rather than preserve the information that causal identification requires. We study counterfactual outcomes under alternative treatments, including phenotype-specific effects and patient-level counterfactual risk profiles of the kind digital twins provide, and interventional direct and indirect effects under exposure-induced intermediate confounding. We give conditions under whi
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